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Crisis of Presence in Times of Civil War

Mirna Abiad-Boyadjian
Globalization, as a process that structures and standardizes the world, has liberated not only capital from government control but also war from being a form of state intervention, to the point where it is difficult to identify the battlegrounds. As Maurizio Lazzarato and Éric Alliez argue in the counter-history of capitalism Wars and Capital, “Deterritorialized war is no longer inter-State war at all, but an uninterrupted succession of multiple wars against populations.”1 1 - Éric Alliez and Maurizio Lazzarato, Wars and Capital, trans. Ames Hodges (South Pasadena, CA: Semiotext[e] / Foreign Agents, 2016), 26. In their view, the “global civil war” advanced by Hannah Arendt and Carl Schmitt in the 1960s is transformed through contemporary financialization—and the debt economy—into a multiplicity of civil wars (wars of class, race, and sex, among others) whose matrix is colonial war,2 2 - Ibid., 16. This perspective underlies the correspondence that the authors establish between the colonial undertakings of 1492 and Year One of Capital. or a war amongst and against the population.

This embodied experience of war leads us to consider war less as a voluntarily waged battle than as a struggle fought at the heart of existence—a life marked by war. It is a war of this kind that Lazzarato and Alliez refer to when they highlight the destruction wreaked by capital accumulation since the colonization of the New World (and, via feedback effect, Europe3 3 - Ibid. In citing Michel Foucault’s lecture “Society must be defended” (February 4, 1976), the authors remind us of the feedback effects of external colonization on power mechanisms in Europe. ) on “the material conditions of life, but also in terms of existential territories, universes of values, cosmology, and the mythologies at the foundation of the ‘subjective life’ of the colonized people and the poor of the so-called ‘civilized world.’”4 4 - Ibid., 52. Thus, material and immaterial destruction still determines how biopower invests spiritual and biological life in the interest of maintaining the global capitalist machine. It is clear that wars of subjectivity form the matrix of colonial war.

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This article also appears in the issue 96 - Conflict
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